Certificates

A certificate is a proof of a task being executed offchain by the Operators of an Operator Set. Typically, a certificate consists of an aggregation of Operator signatures that is verified against stake tables. In the case of a single Operator, the Operator can produce a certificate with only their signature.

An AVS implementation includes retrieving Operator signatures from Operators running a multichain verification service. For example, an AVS run aggregator that produces certificates from Operator signatures.

The CertificateVerifier is responsible for verifying certificates from an offchain task, onchain.

ECDSA Certificate

For Operator Sets with less than 30 Operators.

struct ECDSACertificate {
    uint32 referenceTimestamp;  // When certificate was created
    bytes32 messageHash;        // Hash of the signed message/task result
    bytes sig;                  // Concatenated operator signatures
}

BLS Certificate

More efficient for Operator Sets with more than 30 Operators.

struct BN254Certificate {
    uint32 referenceTimestamp;  // When certificate was created
    bytes32 messageHash;        // Hash of the signed message/task result
    BN254.G1Point signature;    // Aggregate signature
    BN254.G2Point apk;         // Aggregate public key
    BN254OperatorInfoWitness[] nonSignerWitnesses; // Proof of non-signers
}